See frere on Wiktionary
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106,
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"english": "Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout Hell they swarmed all about […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Somnours Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 79, recto:",
"text": "Right ſo as bees / out swarmen from an hyue / Out of the deueles ers / ther gonne dryue / Twenty thouſand freres / on a route / And thurgh oute helle / swarmeden aboute […]",
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],
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
106,
112
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
95,
101
]
],
"english": "Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout Hell they swarmed all about […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Somnours Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 79, recto:",
"text": "Right ſo as bees / out swarmen from an hyue / Out of the deueles ers / ther gonne dryue / Twenty thouſand freres / on a route / And thurgh oute helle / swarmeden aboute […]",
"translation": "Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout Hell they swarmed all about […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friar (male member of a mendicant order)"
],
"links": [
[
"friar",
"friar"
],
[
"mendicant",
"mendicant#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"friary (religious institute for friars)"
],
"links": [
[
"friary",
"friary"
],
[
"friar",
"friar#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"monk (male member of a monastic order)"
],
"links": [
[
"monk",
"monk"
],
[
"monastic",
"monastic#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) monk (male member of a monastic order)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfreːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfriːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "frere"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "frère"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "frère"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "fréthe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:frere"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*frātēr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"frāter\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"frere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"frere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" }\" data-lang=\"frm\" data-title=\"frere\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "frere"
},
"expansion": "Old French frere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "la",
"3": "frater",
"4": "frāter, frātrem"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāter, frātrem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*frātēr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *frātēr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French frere, from earlier fredre, fradre, from Latin frāter, frātrem, from Proto-Italic *frātēr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "freres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "freres",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "frere m (plural freres)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "frere m (plural freres)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with etymon",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰréh₂tēr",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"frm:Family",
"frm:Male"
],
"glosses": [
"brother (male sibling)"
],
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "frere"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "frère"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"tags": [
"Guernsey"
],
"word": "frère"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "fréthe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "frere"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "friar"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "freer"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frere"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:frāter"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*frātēr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"frāter\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"frere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"frere\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "frāter"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāter",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*frātēr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *frātēr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin frāter, from Proto-Italic *frātēr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frere oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "freres",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frere",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frere",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fredre",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"archaic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "",
"3": "frere"
},
"expansion": "frere oblique singular, m (oblique plural freres, nominative singular frere, nominative plural frere)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with etymon",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French irregular nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰréh₂tēr",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"fro:Family",
"fro:Male"
],
"glosses": [
"brother (family member)"
],
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɾeːðɾə/",
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɾeːɾə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɾɛɾə/",
"note": "late"
}
],
"word": "frere"
}
Download raw JSONL data for frere meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'frere oblique singular or', originally 'frere oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"frere"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "frere",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'frere oblique singular or', originally 'frere oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"frere"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "frere",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'frere oblique singular or' in 'frere oblique singular, m (oblique plural freres, nominative singular frere, nominative plural frere)'",
"path": [
"frere"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "frere",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.